PGP (o‘zbekcha tarjimasi “Ajabtovur xavfsizlik”) degani bo‘lib, maʼlumotlarni tarmoq orqali yuborishda ularning maxfiyligi, butligi va ishonchliligini taʼminlash uchun yaratilgan dasturdir.

PGP qanday ishlaydi?

PGP asimmetrik shifrlash degan usulni qo‘llab ishlaydi. Bu degani, unda ikkita kalit bo‘ladi:

• Public Key: Maʼlumotni shifrlash uchun foydalaniladi.
• Private Key: Shifrlangan maʼlumotni ochish uchun foydalaniladi.

Misol: Agar siz do‘stingizga maxfiy xabar yuborishni xohlasangiz, avval uning oshkora kalitini olasiz. Shundan so‘ng o‘z xabaringizni ushbu kalit yordamida shifrlab yuborasiz. Faqat sizning do‘stingizgina o‘z shaxsiy kaliti yordamida bu xabarni ochib o‘qiy oladi.

Raqamli imzo PGP yordamida raqamli imzolar ham yaratish mumkin. Raqamli imzo hujjatning asl ekanligi va u o‘zgartirilmaganini tasdiqlaydi. Buning uchun xabarni yuboruvchi o‘z shaxsiy kaliti yordamida xabarga raqamli imzo qo‘yadi. Xabarni oluvchi esa xabar yuboruvchining oshkora kaliti yordamida bu imzoni tekshirib, xabarning asl ekanligini tasdiqlaydi.

PGP ning foyda va kamchiliklari

Foydalari:

• Xavfsiz: Oddiy shifrlash usullariga nisbatan yaxshiroq himoya
• Tez: PGP nisbatan sodda algorithm
• Ixtiyoriy: Qachonki kerak bo’lgandagina ishlatishingiz mumkin

Kamchiliklari:

• Cheklangan Ximoya: PGP ning o’zigagina tayanib bo’lmaydi
• Aktiv: Ikkala tomonlarning ham ishtirokini talab qiladi
• Mo’rt: Foydalanuvchining “private key” ni o’chirib tashlay olmaydi

PGP nima uchun muhim?

• Elektron pochtani himoya qilish: PGP elektron pochtalarni shifrlash va raqamli imzo qo‘yish orqali ularning maxfiyligini taʼminlaydi.
• Fayllarni himoya qilish: Muhim hujjatlarni shifrlash orqali ularni nomaʼlum shaxslardan himoya qilish mumkin.
• Boshqa maʼlumotlarni himoya qilish: PGP har qanday turdagi maʼlumotni shifrlash uchun foydalaniladi.

PGP uchun misol:

Original text: “Hello, world!”

Encrypted text: “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